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Robinson Crusoe is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published on 25 April 1719.
Úrscéal le Daniel Defoe é Robinson Crusoe, a foilsíodh den chéad uair an 25 Aibreán 1719.
The first edition credited the works protagonist Robinson Crusoe as its author, leading many readers to believe he was a real person and the book a travelogue of true incidents.
Thug an chéad eagrán creidiúint do phríomhcharachtar an tsaothair Robinson Crusoe mar údar, rud a thug ar go leor léitheoirí a chreidiúint gur duine fíor é agus gur leabhar taistil de fhíor-eachtraí a bhí sa leabhar.
Plot summary.
Breac achoimre.
Pictorial map of Crusoes island, the “Island of Despair”, showing incidents from the book Crusoe (the family name corrupted from the German name “Kreutznaer”) set sail from Kingston upon Hull on a sea voyage in August 1651, against the wishes of his parents, who wanted him to pursue a career in law.
Léarscáil pictiúrtha d’oileán Crusoe, an “Island of Despair”, a thaispeánann eachtraí ón leabhar Crusoe (ainm an teaghlaigh éillithe ón ainm Gearmánach “Kreutznaer”) a sheol ó Kingston upon Hull ar thuras farraige i mí Lúnasa 1651, i gcoinne mhianta a thuismitheoirí, a bhí ag iarraidh air gairm sa dlí a shaothrú.
After a tumultuous journey where his ship is wrecked in a storm, his lust for the sea remains so strong that he sets out to sea again.
Tar éis aistear mealltach ina ndéantar a long a scriosadh i stoirm, tá a lúcháir don fharraige fós chomh láidir go dtéann sé chun farraige arís.
This journey, too, ends in disaster, as the ship is taken over by Salé pirates (the Salé Rovers) and Crusoe is enslaved by a Moor.
Críochnaíonn an turas seo go tubaisteach freisin, toisc go nglacann foghlaithe mara Salé (na Salé Rovers) an long agus go bhfuil Crusoe gafa ag Monadh.
Two years later, he escapes in a boat with a boy named Xury; a captain of a Portuguese ship off the west coast of Africa rescues him.
Dhá bhliain ina dhiaidh sin, éalaíonn sé i mbád le buachaill darb ainm Xury; tarrthálann captaen loinge Portaingéile amach ó chósta thiar na hAfraice é.
The ship is en route to Brazil.
Tá an long ar a bealach chun na Brasaíle.
Crusoe sells Xury to the captain.
Díolann Crusoe Xury leis an gcaptaen.
With the captains help, Crusoe procures a plantation.
Le cabhair ón gcaptaen, soláthraíonn Crusoe plandáil.
Years later, Crusoe joins an expedition to bring slaves from Africa, but he is shipwrecked in a storm about forty miles out to sea on an island near the Venezuelan coast (which he calls the Island of Despair) near the mouth of the Orinoco river on 30 September 1659.
Blianta ina dhiaidh sin, téann Crusoe ar thuras chun sclábhaithe a thabhairt ón Afraic, ach tá sé longbhriste i stoirm timpeall daichead míle amach chun farraige ar oileán gar do chósta Venezuelan (ar a dtugann sé Oileán an Éadóchais) gar do bhéal abhainn Orinoco ar 30 Meán Fómhair 1659.
(Chapter 23) He observes the latitude as 9 degrees and 22 minutes north.
(Caibidil 23) Breathnaíonn sé ar an domhanleithead mar 9 gcéim agus 22 nóiméad ó thuaidh.
He sees penguins and seals on his island.
Feiceann sé piongain agus rónta ar a oileán.
As for his arrival there, only he and three animals, the captains dog and two cats, survive the shipwreck.
Maidir lena theacht ann, ní mhaireann ach sé agus trí ainmhí, madra an chaptaein agus dhá chat, an longbhriseadh.
Overcoming his despair, he fetches arms, tools and other supplies from the ship before it breaks apart and sinks.
Ag dul thar a éadóchas, faigheann sé airm, uirlisí agus soláthairtí eile ón long sula mbrisfidh sí óna chéile agus go dtéann sí fodha.
He builds a fenced-in habitat near a cave which he excavates.
Tógann sé gnáthóg fálaithe in aice le huaimh a thochailt sé.
By making marks in a wooden cross, he creates a calendar.
Trí mharcanna a dhéanamh i gcros adhmaid, cruthaíonn sé féilire.
By using tools salvaged from the ship, and some which he makes himself, he hunts, grows barley and rice, dries grapes to make raisins, learns to make pottery and raises goats.
Trí uirlisí a spáráiltear ón long a úsáid, agus roinnt a dhéanann sé féin, déanann sé seilg, fás eorna agus rís, triomaíonn fíonchaora chun rísíní a dhéanamh, foghlaimíonn sé potaireacht a dhéanamh agus ardaíonn sé gabhair.
He also adopts a small parrot.
Glacann sé parrot beag freisin.
He reads the Bible and becomes religious, thanking God for his fate in which nothing is missing but human society.
Léann sé an Bíobla agus éiríonn sé reiligiúnach, ag gabháil buíochais le Dia as a chinniúint nach bhfuil aon rud in easnamh air ach sochaí an duine.
More years pass and Crusoe discovers native cannibals, who occasionally visit the island to kill and eat prisoners.
Gabhann níos mó blianta agus faigheann Crusoe cannibals dúchasacha, a thugann cuairt ar an oileán ó am go chéile chun príosúnaigh a mharú agus a ithe.
At first he plans to kill them for committing an abomination but later realizes he has no right to do so, as the cannibals do not knowingly commit a crime.
Ar dtús tá sé beartaithe aige iad a mharú mar gheall ar ghráin a dhéanamh ach tuigeann sé ina dhiaidh sin nach bhfuil aon cheart aige déanamh amhlaidh, toisc nach ndéanann na cannibals coir go feasach.
He dreams of obtaining one or two servants by freeing some prisoners; when a prisoner escapes, Crusoe helps him, naming his new companion “Friday” after the day of the week he appeared.
Aislingíonn sé seirbhíseach nó dhó a fháil trí roinnt príosúnach a shaoradh; nuair a éalaíonn príosúnach, cabhraíonn Crusoe leis, ag ainmniú a chompánach nua “Dé hAoine” tar éis lá na seachtaine a bhí sé.
Crusoe then teaches him English and converts him to Christianity.
Ansin múineann Crusoe Béarla dó agus athraíonn sé go dtí an Chríostaíocht.
After more natives arrive to partake in a cannibal feast, Crusoe and Friday kill most of the natives and save two prisoners.
Tar éis do níos mó dúchasaigh páirt a ghlacadh i bhféile cannibal, maraíonn Crusoe agus Dé hAoine an chuid is mó de na dúchasaigh agus sábhálann siad beirt phríosúnach.
One is Fridays father and the other is a Spaniard, who informs Crusoe about other Spaniards shipwrecked on the mainland.
Is é ceann athair Dé hAoine agus is Spáinneach an duine eile, a chuireann Crusoe ar an eolas faoi Spáinnigh eile a ndearnadh longbhriseadh orthu ar an mórthír.
A plan is devised wherein the Spaniard would return to the mainland with Fridays father and bring back the others, build a ship, and sail to a Spanish port.
Ceaptar plean ina bhfillfeadh an Spáinneach ar an mórthír le hathair Dé hAoine agus a thabharfadh na daoine eile ar ais, a thógfadh long, agus a sheol go calafort sa Spáinn.
Before the Spaniards return, an English ship appears; mutineers have commandeered the vessel and intend to maroon their captain on the island.
Sula bhfillfidh na Spáinnigh, bíonn long Sasanach le feiceáil; tá mutineers tar éis dul i gceannas ar an árthach agus tá rún acu a gcaptaen a mhargú ar an oileán.
Crusoe and the ships captain strike a deal in which Crusoe helps the captain and the loyal sailors retake the ship.
Buaileann Crusoe agus captaen na loinge beart ina gcuidíonn Crusoe leis an gcaptaen agus leis na mairnéalaigh dílse an long a ghlacadh arís.
With their ringleader executed by the captain, the mutineers take up Crusoes offer to be marooned on the island rather than being returned to England as prisoners to be hanged.
Agus an captaen á fhorghníomhú ag an gcaptaen, glacann na mutineers le tairiscint Crusoe a chur ar an oileán seachas iad a thabhairt ar ais go Sasana mar phríosúnaigh le crochadh.
Before embarking for England, Crusoe shows the mutineers how he survived on the island and states that there will be more men coming.
Sula ndeachaigh sé go Sasana, taispeánann Crusoe do na mutineers an chaoi ar mhair sé ar an oileán agus deir sé go mbeidh níos mó fear ag teacht.
Crusoe leaves the island 19 December 1686 and arrives in England on 11 June 1687.
Fágann Crusoe an t-oileán 19 Nollaig 1686 agus sroicheann sé Sasana an 11 Meitheamh 1687.
He learns that his family believed him dead; as a result, he was left nothing in his fathers will.
Foghlaimíonn sé gur chreid a theaghlach go raibh sé marbh; mar thoradh air sin, níor fágadh aon rud in uacht a athar.
Crusoe departs for Lisbon to reclaim the profits of his estate in Brazil, which has granted him much wealth.
Fágann Crusoe go Liospóin chun brabúis a eastáit sa Bhrasaíl a éileamh ar ais, rud a thug go leor saibhris dó.
In conclusion, he transports his wealth overland to England from Portugal to avoid traveling by sea.
Mar fhocal scoir, iompraíonn sé a shaibhreas thar tír go Sasana ón bPortaingéil chun taisteal ar muir a sheachaint.
Friday accompanies him and, en route, they endure one last adventure together as they fight off famished wolves while crossing the Pyrenees.
Gabhann Dé hAoine leis agus, ar a mbealach, fulaingíonn siad eachtra deireanach amháin le chéile agus iad ag troid i gcoinne mac tíre gortaithe agus iad ag trasnú na bPiréiní.