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The Aran Islands (Irish: Oileáin Árann) or The Arans (na hÁrainneacha), are a group of three islands located at the mouth of Galway Bay, on the west coast of Ireland, with a total area of about 46 km2 (18 square miles).
Is grúpa de thrí oileán iad Oileáin Árann (Gaeilge: Oileáin Árann) nó The Arans (na seinnera seinne) atá suite ag béal Bhá na Gaillimhe, ar chósta thiar na hÉireann, le hachar iomlán de thart ar 46 km2 (18 míle cearnach ).
They constitute the barony of Aran in County Galway, Ireland.
Is iad barúntacht Aran i gContae na Gaillimhe, Éire.
From west to east the islands are: Inishmore, the largest; Inishmaan, the second-largest; and Inisheer, the smallest.
Is iad seo a leanas na hoileáin thiar agus thoir: Inis Mór, an ceann is mó; Inismaan, an dara ceann is mó; agus Inisheer, an ceann is lú.
The 1,200 inhabitants primarily speak Irish, the language used in local placenames.
Labhraíonn an 1,200 áitritheoir Gaeilge go príomha, an teanga a úsáidtear i logainmneacha áitiúla.
Most islanders are also fluent in English.
Tá Béarla líofa ag mórchuid na n-oileánach freisin.
The islands belong to the Gaeltacht.
Baineann na hoileáin leis an nGaeltacht.
History.
Stair.
Teampall Brecan, Inishmore.
Teampall Brecan, Inis Mór.
Little is known about the first inhabitants to cross over to the islands, but it is likely that they came across in search of a safe haven from attack.
Is beag atá ar eolas faoi na chéad áitritheoirí a thrasnaigh go dtí na hoileáin, ach is dóigh gur tháinig siad trasna ar thóir tearmainn shábháilte ó ionsaí.
The Islands are made up of Carboniferous limestone and do not have naturally occurring topsoil.
Aolchloch Charbónmhar atá sna hOileáin agus níl barrithir acu a tharlaíonn go nádúrtha.
Early settlers augmented the soil with seaweed and sand from the shore.
Chuir luath-lonnaitheoirí leis an ithir le feamainn agus gaineamh ón gcladach.
Drystone walls were built to protect the soil.
Tógadh ballaí cloiche tirime chun an ithir a chosaint.
There are seven prehistoric stone forts on the islands.
Tá seacht ndún cloiche réamhstairiúla ar na hoileáin.
Dún Aonghasa on Inishmore, dates back to 1100 BC.
Téann Dún Aonghasa ar Inis Mór, siar go 1100 RCh.
Traditional life and Irish language.
Saol traidisiúnta agus Gaeilge.
A view over Inishmore, from Dún Eochla, with Inishmaan and Cliffs of Moher in the background.
Radharc ar Inis Mór, ó Dhún Eochla, le hInismaan agus Aillte an Mhothair sa chúlra.
On the cliff tops, ancient forts such as Dún Aonghasa (Dún Aengus) on Inishmór and Dún Chonchúir (Fort of Conchobar) on Inishmaan are some of the oldest archaeological remains in Ireland.
Ar bharr na n-aillte, tá dún ársa mar Dhún Aonghasa (Dún Aengus) ar Inis Maigh Eo agus Dún Chonchúir (Dún Conchobar) ar Inis Eona cuid de na hiarsmaí seandálaíochta is sine in Éirinn.
A lacework of ancient stone walls across all three islands (1,600 km or 1,000 mi in all) encloses networks of small fields to contain local livestock.
Dúnann saothar lása de bhallaí cloiche ársa ar fud na dtrí oileán (1,600 km nó 1,000 míle san iomlán) líonraí de pháirceanna beaga chun beostoc áitiúil a bheith ann.
Also found are early clocháns (dry-stone beehive huts from the early-Christian period).
Tá clochán luath ann freisin (botháin bheacha cloiche ón tréimhse luath- Chríostaí).
Enda of Aran founded the first true Irish monastery near Killeany (Cill Éinne or Church of Enda).
Bhunaigh Enda of Aran an chéad mhainistir fíor Éireannach in aice le Killeany (Cill Éinne nó Eaglais Enda).
In time there were a dozen monasteries on Inishmór alone.
Le himeacht aimsire bhí dosaen mainistreacha ar Inis Maighin amháin.
Many Irish saints had some connection with Aran: St.
Bhí baint éigin ag go leor naoimh Éireannacha le hArán: St.
Brendan was blessed for his voyage there; Jarlath of Tuam, Finnian of Clonard, and St.
Beannaíodh Brendan as a thuras ansin; Jarlath of Tuam, Finnian of Clonard, agus St.
Columba called it the “Sun of the West”.
Thug “Columba” Grian an Iarthair “air.
In total, there are 38 national monuments on the Aran Islands.
San iomlán, tá 38 séadchomhartha náisiúnta ar Oileáin Árann.
The islands were first populated in larger numbers probably at the time of the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in the mid-17th century, when the Catholic population of Ireland had the choice of going “to hell or to Connacht”.
Bhí líon níos mó daonra ar na hoileáin den chéad uair is dócha nuair a rinneadh concas Chromail ar Éirinn i lár an 17ú haois, nuair a bhí rogha ag daonra Caitliceach na hÉireann dul “go hIfreann nó go Connacht”.
Many fled to the numerous islands off the west coast of Ireland where they adapted themselves to the raw climatic conditions, developing a survival system of total self-sufficiency.
Theith go leor acu chuig na hoileáin iomadúla amach ó chósta thiar na hÉireann áit ar chuir siad iad féin in oiriúint do na dálaí aeráide amha, ag forbairt córas marthanais de fhéin-leordhóthanacht iomlán.
Their methods included mixing layers of sand and seaweed on top of rocks to create fertile soil, a technique used to grow potatoes and other vegetables.
I measc na modhanna a bhí acu bhí sraitheanna de ghaineamh agus feamainn a mheascadh ar bharr carraigeacha chun ithir thorthúil a chruthú, teicníc a úsáidtear chun prátaí agus glasraí eile a fhás.
The same seaweed method also provided grazing grass within stone-wall enclosures for cattle and sheep, which in turn provided wool and yarn to make handwoven trousers, skirts and jackets, hand-knitted sweaters, shawls, caps, and hide shoes.
Chuir an modh feamainne céanna féar féaraigh ar fáil in imfháluithe balla cloiche d’eallach agus do chaoirigh, rud a chuir olann agus snáth ar fáil chun bríste, sciortaí agus seaicéid lámh-fhite a dhéanamh, geansaí lámh-chniotáilte, seálta, caipíní agus bróga seithí.
The islanders also constructed unique boats for fishing, building their thatched cottages from the materials available or trading with the mainland.
Thóg na hoileánaigh báid uathúla freisin le haghaidh iascaireachta, ag tógáil a gcuid teachíní ceann tuí ó na hábhair atá ar fáil nó ag trádáil leis an mórthír.
The Aran Islands are an official Gaeltacht, which gives full official status to Irish as the medium of all official services including education.
Is Gaeltacht oifigiúil iad Oileáin Árann, a thugann stádas oifigiúil iomlán don Ghaeilge mar mheán na seirbhísí oifigiúla go léir lena n-áirítear oideachas.
An unusually high rate of Irish-language monolingualism was found among senior natives until the end of the 20th century, in large part because of the isolating nature of the traditional trades practised and the natural isolation of the islands in general from mainland Ireland over the course of the Islands history.
Fuarthas ráta neamhghnách ard de aonteangachas Gaeilge i measc na ndaoine sinsearacha go dtí deireadh an 20ú haois, den chuid is mó mar gheall ar nádúr iargúlta na gceirdeanna traidisiúnta a chleachtadh agus aonrú nádúrtha na n- oileán i gcoitinne ó mhórthír na hÉireann le linn an chúrsa de stair na nOileán.
Young Islanders can take their leaving examination at 18 on the islands and then most leave for third level education.
Is féidir le hOileánaigh Óga a scrúdú fágála a dhéanamh ag 18 ar na hoileáin agus ansin fágann a bhformhór le haghaidh oideachais tríú leibhéal.
Many blame the decline of Irish-speaking among young members of the island community on English-language television, available since the 1960s; furthermore, many younger islanders leave for the mainland when they come of age.
Cuireann go leor daoine an milleán ar mheath na Gaeilge i measc baill óga de phobal an oileáin ar theilifís Bhéarla, a bhí ar fáil ó na 1960idí; thairis sin, fágann go leor oileánaigh níos óige go dtí an mórthír nuair a thagann siad in aois.