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New Gaelic democratic trust proposed in new study.
Iontaobhas daonlathach Gàidhlig molta i staidéar nua.
New research into the state of the Gaelic language and the future of the language suggests that there is a great danger that it will not survive for the foreseeable future for the region where it is spoken.
Tugtar le fios i dtaighde nua faoi staid na Gàidhlig agus faoina bhfuil i ndán don teanga go bhfuil baol mór ann nach mairfidh sí go ceann i bhfad eile sa réigiún ina labhraítear í go fóill.
The new study, published today, states that Gaelic will disappear as a community language within a few years and that English will be completely in its control unless prudent revival policies are implemented without delay.
Deirtear sa staidéar nua, a foilsíodh inniu, go n-imeoidh Gàidhlig as mar theanga phobail faoi cheann cúpla bliain agus go mbeidh ceannas iomlán ag an mBéarla uirthi mura gcuirfear beartais stuama athbheochana i bhfeidhm gan mhoill.
Gaelic was spoken all over Scotland, but the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization now ranks it among the world’s endangered languages.
Bhí Gàidhlig á labhairt ar fud na hAlban tráth, ach áiríonn Eagraíocht Oideachais, Eolaíochta agus Chultúir na Náisiún Aontaithe anois í i measc theangacha an domhain atá i mbaol báis.
Gaelic is still spoken in the Western Isles, Staffin on Skye and Tiree.
Labhraítear Gàidhlig i gcónaí sna hOileáin Thiar, i Stafainn in Oileán Sgitheanach agus i dTiriodh.
It was in that region that the new research was conducted on behalf of the University of the Gaeltacht and the Islands in Scotland.
Is sa réigiún sin a rinneadh an taighde nua thar ceann Ollsoil na Gaeltachta agus na nOileán in Albain.
There are 28,000 people living in the region and, according to the research, 14,000 of them have some ability in Gaelic.
Tá 28,000 duine ina gcónaí sa réigiún agus, de réir an taighde, tá cumas éigin sa Ghàidhlig ag 14,000 díobh.
However, when this is statistically examined, it is actually 11,000 people.
Nuair a dhéantar scrúdú staitistiúil ar an méid sin, áfach, is 11,000 duine atá i gceist i ndáiríre.
Most of those are fifty years and over.
Leathchéad bliain agus os a chionn atá formhór na ndaoine sin.
The 500-sheet study states that the speaking of Gaelic and the transmission of Gaelic from the old to the younger generation in the region are the last two.
Deirtear sa staidéar 500 bileog go bhfuil labhairt na Gàidhlig agus seachadadh na Gàidhlig ó na seanghlúine go dtí an ghlúin óg sa réigiún ar an dé deiridh.
In short, the researchers argue, Gaelic speakers cannot afford to regenerate a new generation of speakers.
I mbeagán focal, a mhaíonn na taighdeoirí, níl sé dacmhainn ag cainteoirí Gàidhlig glúin nua cainteoirí a a athghiniúint.
Stornoway, Lewis, largest town in the Western Isles. Most young people disregard in Gaelic – Significant decline in the transmission of Gaelic from the old to the younger generation.
Steòrnabhagh, Leòdhas, an baile is mó sna hOileán Thiar (Pic: Getty) Is iad príomhthorthaí an taighde: – Cumas lag sa Ghàidhlig ag an aos óg – Labhairt na Gàidhlig imeallaithe go sóisialta, seachas i measc seanóirí – Gàidhlig imeallaithe i gcúrsaí oideachais – Neamhshuim sa Ghàidhlig ag formhór na n-óg – Laghdú mór ar sheachadadh na Gàidhlig ó na seanghlúine go dtí an ghlúin óg.
Research region (Courtesy: University of the Gaeltacht and the Islands) The research is based on a variety of sources including the various censuses between 1981-2011, pre-school and teenage surveys, focus groups, public meetings and questionnaires comprehensive.
Réigiún an taighde (Le caoinchead: Ollscoil na Gaeltachta agus na nOileán) Tá an taighde bunaithe ar iomad foinsí, mar atá, na daonáirimh éagsúla idir na blianta 1981-2011, suirbhéanna ar pháistí réamhscoile agus ar dhéagóirí, grúpaí fócais, cruinnithe poiblí agus ceistneoirí cuimsitheacha.
The analysis of the census figures shows that the number of Gaelic speakers has declined by an average of 13% every ten years.
Léiríonn an anailís ar na figiúirí daonáireamh gur tháing laghdú 13 faoin gcéad ar an meán gach deich mbliana ar líon na gcainteoirí Gàidhlig.
In the 2011 census, 52% of people aged three and over were reported to have Gaelic language ability compared to 80% in the 1981 census.
I ndaonáireamh 2011, tuairiscíodh go raibh cumas sa Ghàidhlig ag 52 faoin gcéad de dhaoine trí bliana daois agus os a chionn i gcomparáid le 80 faoin gcéad i ndaonáireamh 1981.
New research published in Scotland today The decline of Gaelic among young people is more serious than any other group.
An taighde nua a foilsíodh in Albain inniu Is tromchúisí meath na Gàidhlig i measc na n-óg ná aon ghrúpa eile.
Less than 2,000 young people, or 42% of people aged between three and seventeen, reported being proficient in Gaelic in 2011.
Tuairiscíodh cumas a bheith sa Ghàidhlig ag níos lú ná 2,000 duine óg, nó 42 faoin gcéad de dhaoine idir trí agus seacht mbliana déag in 2011.
In a questionnaire conducted in 2016, only 1.5% of teenagers reported that they spoke Gaelic with their friends all or most of the time.
I gceistneoir a rinneadh in 2016, níor thuairiscigh ach 1.5 faoin gcéad de dhéagóirí gur labhair siad Gàidhlig lena gcairde an t-am ar fad nó an chuid is mó den am.
The census figures also show that 19% of households speak Gaelic.
Léiríonn na figiúirí daonáireamh freisin go labhraítear Gàidhlig i 19 faoin gcéad de líonta tí.
This low percentage is a major barrier to intergenerational transmission of Gaelic, say the researchers.
Tá an céatadán íseal seo ina bhac mór ar sheachadadh na Gàidhlig ó ghlúin go glúin, a deir na taighdeoirí.
According to the trends highlighted in the study, the researchers predict that Gaelic will soon become unviable.
De réir na dtreochtaí a shoilsítear sa staidéar, tuarann na taighdeoirí gur gearr anois nach mbeidh Gàidhlig inmharthana.
They believe that Gaelic will retreat further to the very edge of the community and that it will no longer apply only to the classroom and media, and to older people.
Creideann siad go gcúlóidh Gàidhlig tuilleadh go dtí fíorimeall an phobail agus nach mbeidh feidhm léi feasta ach i leithéidí an tseomra ranga agus na meán cumarsáide, agus i measc daoine scothaosta.
Young people at play, Skye (Pic: Getty) The researchers propose a new approach to buying Gaelic from death.
Daoine óga ag súgradh, Oileán Sgitheanach (Pic: Getty) Molann na taighdeoirí cur chuige nua le Gàidhlig a cheannach ón mbás.
However, they say that to make their proposals a success, public policies on Gaelic must be radically changed and the challenges at community level addressed in the future.
Deir siad, áfach, go gcaithfí polasaithe poiblí i leith na Gàidhlig a athrú ó bhonn agus tabhairt faoi na dúshláin ag leibhéal an phobail féin feasta le go mbeadh rath ar a gcuid moltaí.
They argue, indeed, that the current state policy revitalization efforts are a significant impediment.
Maíonn siad, go deimhin, gur bac suntasach ar iarrachtaí athbheochana polasaí reatha an stáit.
The main recommendation of the researchers is an “cooperative model” approach.
Is é príomh-mholadh na dtaighdeoirí cur chuige de réir “múnla comharchumain.”
to take part.
a ghlacadh.
Under this model, a community trust would be established which the researchers call “The Gaelic Trust.”
De réir an mhúnla seo, bhunófaí iontaobhas pobail a dtugann na taighdeoirí “Urras na Gàidhli.”
on it.
air.
The trust would be located in the Western Isles under the democratic leadership of community representatives.
Bheadh an t-iontaobhas lonnaithe sna hOileáin Thiar faoi stiúir dhaonlathach ionadaithe an phobail.
The powers of Bòrd na Gàidhlig – the state-sponsored board in Inverness – would be transferred to the trust.
Daistreofaí cumhachtaí Bhòrd na Gàidhlig – an bord státurraithe in Inbhir Nis – go dtí an t-iontaobhas.
The trust would undertake various initiatives, such as a financial support scheme for families raising their children through Gaelic; a new scheme of youth activities in Gaelic; public entertainment in Gaelic; Gaelic social enterprise; more Gaelic in schools; and the provision of strategic language planning advice to Gaelic community groups and trust leaders.
Thabharfadh an t-iontaobhas faoi thionscnaimh éagsúla, mar atá, scéim tacaíochta airgeadais do theaghlaigh a thógann a gclann le Gàidhlig; scéim úrnua gníomhaíochtaí i nGàidhlig don óige; siamsaíocht phoiblí i nGàidhlig; fiontair shóisialta Gàidhlig; níos mó Gàidhlig sna scoileanna; agus comhairle straitéiseach maidir le pleanáil teanga a chur ar ghrúpaí pobail Gàidhlig agus ar cheannairí an iontaobhais.
The researchers say that the islanders would also benefit economically from the trust’s activities that would help them tackle other challenges, such as emigration and unemployment, which have a major bearing on the decline of the Gaelic language.
Deir na taighdeoirí go mbainfeadh muintir na n-oileán sochar eacnamaíochta freisin as gníomhaíochtaí an iontaobhais a chuideodh leo dul i ngleic le dúshláin eile, dála na heisimirce agus na dífhostaíochta, a bhfuil baint mhór acu le meath na Gàidhlig.
Lough Head
Loch Ceann Hulabhaig, Leòdhas (Pic: Getty) Deir ceann na foirne taighde an tOllamh Conchúr Ó Giollagáin gur rífhollas go maireann agus go rathaíonn teanga i bpobal a labhartha, seachas i ngníomhaíochtaí institiúideacha agus siombalacha nach bhfuil fréamhaithe sa phobal.
He says that languages, like an Gaeltacht, need their own socio-geographical space.
Deir sé go dteastaíonn spás soch-thíreolaíochta dá gcuid féin ó theangacha, limistéar cosúil le Gaeltacht.
He says too much emphasis in public policies or discussions on language learners, he says, can be neglected in the language-speaking community and in the social processes that affect that community.
Má leagtar an iomarca béime i bpolasaithe poiblí nó sa i bplé poiblí ar fhoghlaimeoirí teanga, a deir sé, is féidir faillí a dhéanamh sa phobal a labhraíonn an teanga agus sna próisis shóisialta a théann i gcion ar an bpobal sin.
As a result of the dread, according to Professor Ó Giollagáin, the outcome of these discussions may also be public policy.
Mar bharr ar an donas, dar leis an Ollamh Ó Giollagáin, is féidir freisin gur polasaithe poiblí gan dealramh toradh an phlé sin.
Professor Ó Giollagáin believes that the implementation of new language policies still has the opportunity for the Gaelic community to meet the challenges they face.
Creideann an tOllamh Ó Giollagáin go bhfuil deis fós ag pobal na Gàidhlig dul i ngleic leis na dúshláin atá rompu ach polasaithe nua teanga a chur i bhfeidhm.
He claims that the new research contains detailed information, accurate analysis and comprehensive recommendations that help the Gaelic community survive.
Maíonn sé go bhfuil faisnéis mhionsonraithe, anailiís bheacht agus moltaí cuimsitheacha sa taighde nua a chuideos le pobal na Gàidhlig teacht slán.
The study is available in book form entitled “The Gaelic Crisis in the Vernacular Community: A Comprehensive Sociolinguistic Study of Scottish Gaeli.”
Tá an staidéar ar fáil i bhfoirm leabhair faoin teideal “The Gaelic Crisis in the Vernacular Community: A Comprehensive Sociolinguistic Study of Scottish Gaeli.”
and published by Aberdeen University Press.
agus is é Aberdeen University Press a dfhoilsigh.
Further information and further information is available here.
Tá faisnéis bhreise agus tuilleadh eolais le fáil anseo.