Podcast: Play in new window | Download (Duration: 12:18 — 2.8MB)
Subscribe: Spotify | Email | RSS | More
Original Podcast with clickable words
http://tinyurl.com/y68kkden
Henny Penny, more commonly known in the United States as Chicken Little and sometimes as Chicken Licken, is a European folk tale with a moral in the form of a cumulative tale about a chicken who believes that the world is coming to an end.
Scéal tíre Eorpach é Henny Penny, ar a dtugtar níos minice sna Stáit Aontaithe mar Chicken Little agus uaireanta mar sicín sicín, le moráltacht i bhfoirm scéal carnach faoi sicín a chreideann go bhfuil an domhan ag teacht chun deiridh.
The phrase “The sky is falling!” features prominently in the story, and has passed into the English language as a common idiom indicating a hysterical or mistaken belief that disaster is imminent.
An frása “Tá an spéir ag titim!” tá sé feiceálach sa scéal, agus tá sé tar éis dul isteach sa Bhéarla mar ghnáth-nathanna cainte a léiríonn creideamh hysterical nó cearr go bhfuil tubaiste ar tí tarlú.
Similar stories go back more than 25 centuries.
Téann scéalta den chineál céanna siar níos mó ná 25 céad.
The name “Chicken Little” – and the fables central phrase, The sky is falling! – have been applied to people accused of being unreasonably afraid, or those trying to incite an unreasonable fear in those around them.
An t-ainm “Chicken Little” – agus frása lárnach an fable, Tá an spéir ag titim! – curtha i bhfeidhm ar dhaoine a cúisíodh go bhfuil eagla míréasúnta orthu, nó orthu siúd atá ag iarraidh eagla míréasúnta a spreagadh sna daoine timpeall orthu.
The first use of the name “Chicken Little” to “one who warns of or predicts calamity, especially without justification” recorded by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary is in 1895, but idiomatic use of the name significantly predates that attestation.
Is i 1895 a úsáideadh an t-ainm “Chicken Little” go “duine a thugann rabhadh nó a thuar calamity, go háirithe gan údar” a thaifead Foclóir Merriam-Webster, ach tá úsáid idiomatach an ainm roimh an fianú sin go suntasach.
In fact, this usage is recorded in the United States very soon after the publication of Chandlers illustrated childrens book in 1840.
Déanta na fírinne, déantar an úsáid seo a thaifeadadh sna Stáit Aontaithe go han-luath tar éis fhoilsiú leabhar maisithe Chandler do leanaí i 1840.
Already, in 1842, a journal article about the Government of Haiti referred to “Chicken Little” in an offhand manner.
Cheana féin, in 1842, thagair alt irise faoi Rialtas Háití do “Chicken Little” ar bhealach neamhláimhe.
An “oration” delivered to the city of Boston on July 4, 1844, contains the passage: To hear their harangues on the eve of the election, one would suppose that the fable of Chicken Little was about to become a truth, and that the sky was actually falling.
In “óráid” a tugadh go cathair Bhostúin an 4 Iúil, 1844, tá an sliocht: Chun a gcuid harangues a chloisteáil ar an oíche roimh an toghchán, cheapfá go raibh fable Chicken Little ar tí a bheith ina fhírinne, agus go raibh an bhí spéir ag titim i ndáiríre.
Fearmongering – whether justified or not – can sometimes elicit a societal response called Chicken Little syndrome, described as “inferring catastrophic conclusions possibly resulting in paralysis”.
Uaireanta is féidir le fearmongering – bíodh údar leis nó ná bíodh – freagra sochaíoch ar a dtugtar siondróm Chicken Little, a thuairiscítear mar “tátal a bhaint as conclúidí tubaisteacha a bhféadfadh pairilis a bheith mar thoradh orthu”.
It has also been defined as “a sense of despair or passivity which blocks the audience from actions”.
Sainmhíníodh é freisin mar “mothú éadóchais nó éighníomhaíochta a choisceann an lucht féachana ó ghníomhartha”.
The term began appearing in the 1950s and the phenomenon has been noted in many different societal context The story and its name.
Thosaigh an téarma le feiceáil sna 1950idí agus tá an feiniméan tugtha faoi deara i go leor comhthéacs sochaíoch éagsúil An scéal agus a ainm.
The story is listed as Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 20C, which includes international examples of folktales that make light of paranoia and mass hysteria.
Tá an scéal liostaithe mar chineál 20C Aarne-Thompson-Uther, a chuimsíonn samplaí idirnáisiúnta de sheanchas a dhéanann solas ar pharanóia agus ar oll- hysteria.
There are several Western versions of the story, of which the best-known concerns a chick that believes the sky is falling when an acorn falls on its head.
Tá roinnt leaganacha an Iarthair den scéal ann, agus baineann an ceann is cáiliúla díobh le sicín a chreideann go bhfuil an spéir ag titim nuair a thiteann dearcán ar a ceann.
The chick decides to tell the king and on its journey meets other animals (mostly other fowl) which join it in the quest.
Socraíonn an sicín é a insint don rí agus ar a thuras buaileann sé le hainmhithe eile (éanlaith eile den chuid is mó) a cheanglaíonn leis sa rompu.
After this point, there are many endings.
Tar éis an phointe seo, tá go leor deireadh ann.
In the most familiar, a fox invites them to its lair and then eats them all.
I measc na ndaoine is eolaí, tugann sionnach cuireadh dóibh chuig a lair agus ansin itheann sé iad go léir.
Alternatively, the last one, usually Cocky Lockey, survives long enough to warn the chick, who escapes.
De rogha air sin, maireann an ceann deireanach, Cocky Lockey de ghnáth, fada go leor chun rabhadh a thabhairt don sicín, a éalaíonn.
In others all are rescued and finally speak to the king.
I gcásanna eile déantar gach duine a tharrtháil agus labhairt leis an rí sa deireadh.
The moral to be drawn changes, depending on the version.
Athraíonn an mhoráltacht atá le tarraingt, ag brath ar an leagan.
Where there is a “happy ending”, the moral is not to be a “Chicken” but to have courage.
Sa chás go bhfuil “deireadh sona” ann, ní “sicín” an mhoráltacht ach misneach a bheith agat.
In other versions where the birds are eaten by the fox, the fable is interpreted as a warning not to believe everything one is told.
I leaganacha eile ina n-itheann an sionnach na héin, léirítear an fable mar rabhadh gan gach rud a deirtear a chreidiúint.
The story was part of the oral folk tradition and only began to appear in print after the Brothers Grimm had set a European example with their collection of German tales in the early years of the 19th century.
Bhí an scéal mar chuid de thraidisiún na ndaoine ó bhéal agus níor thosaigh sé le feiceáil ach i gcló tar éis do na Brothers Grimm sampla Eorpach a leagan síos lena mbailiúchán de scéalta Gearmánacha i mblianta tosaigh an 19ú haois.
One of the earliest to collect tales from Scandinavian sources was Just Mathias Thiele, who in 1823 published an early version of the Henny Penny story in the Danish language.
Ceann de na scéalta is luaithe a bhailigh ó fhoinsí Lochlannacha ba ea Just Mathias Thiele, a d’fhoilsigh leagan luath de scéal Henny Penny i dteanga na Danmhairge in 1823.
In Thieles untitled account, a nut falls on Kylling Kluks back and knocks him over.
I gcuntas gan ainm Thiele, titeann cnó ar dhroim Kylling Kluk agus buaileann sé thairis é.
He then goes to each of the other characters, proclaiming that “I think all the world is falling” and setting them all running.
Ansin téann sé chuig gach ceann de na carachtair eile, ag fógairt go bhfuil “Sílim go bhfuil an domhan go léir ag titim” agus iad a chur ag rith.
The fox Ræev Skrev joins in the flight and, when they reach the wood, counts them over from behind and eats them one by one.
Glacann an sionnach Ræev Skrev páirt san eitilt agus, nuair a shroicheann siad an t-adhmad, déanann sé iad a chomhaireamh ón gcúl agus iad a ithe ceann ar cheann.
Eventually the tale was translated into English by Benjamin Thorpe after several other versions had appeared.
Faoi dheireadh d’aistrigh Benjamin Thorpe an scéal go Béarla tar éis do roinnt leaganacha eile a bheith le feiceáil.